EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AS A PREDICTOR OF ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AMONG COLLEGE TEACHERS

The present study was intended to investigate the Emotional intelligence as a predictor of organizational commitment among college teachers of Lahore, Punjab Pakistan. The populations for the present study were all the male and female college teachers of District Lahore. Random and convenient sampling technique was applied to select the sample for conducting this study because of the time constraint. Sample include of twenty (20) colleges which were selected. Ten male and ten female colleges were selected from location. The sample consists of 716 teachers (324 males and 392 females) who were recently teaching as regular teachers in different colleges of Lahore were selected. Data was collected by Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test, consist of 30 items, Job Satisfaction Scale consist of 16 items, Allen & Meyer, 1990 Scale of Turnover Intentions that consist of 08 items and Mowday, Stress and Porter Scale of Organization Commitment (1979) that consist of 15 items. Findings of the study show that there is a significant difference in emotional intelligence (EI) between male and female college teachers. Male teachers have a significantly higher emotional intelligence (M=2.3059, SD=19.37687) than females respondents (M=2.2722, SD=2.3059), not significant difference between all male and female college teachers of Dist. Lahore, and male teachers (M=54.0062, SD=6.21194) and females teachers (M=54.2577, SD=5.90959) have about same job satisfaction, no significant difference between all male and female college teacher. Females teachers (M=27.8724, SD=3.81263) have about same turnover intentions by gender, male college (M=50.8519, SD=6.14855) and female college teachers (M=50.9158, SD=5.74528) have about same Organizational Commitment (OC) by Gender. There was statistically significant difference, t (716) =138.430, p<.001 between emotional intelligence (M=96.0098, SD= 7.88705) and job satisfactions (M=54.1439, SD= 6.04530). It means that job satisfaction has less to do with emotional intelligence to become predictor of organizational commitment, people with high emotional intelligence retain less level of turnover intentions, job satisfaction contributes more to emotional intelligence as compared to turnover intentions, those who are committed to the organization also retain moderate level of job satisfaction, those who possess more organization commitment are less prone to turnover intentions and there was statistically significance difference t (716) =148.428, p<.001 between emotional intelligence (M=54.0098, SD= 7.88705) and organization commitment (M=50.8869, SD= 5.92704). The result of study reveals that emotional intelligence contributes to organizational commitment moderately.  Article visualizations

Efficiency measurement of Islamic and conventional banks in Saudi Arabia:an empirical and comparative analysis

Saudi Arabia, beside Malaysia and many other Muslim countries, is one of those countries where Islamic and conventional banking operate in parallel. Over the last decade, the country’s banking industry is growing at rapid pace that accounts for the largest share in GCC. The present study measures and compares the performance of Saudi conventional and Islamic banking industry and identifies the areas where the strategic measures are required to improve the banking performance. It applies non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for the data from 2008-2016 of Saudi banking industry and provides comprehensive empirical results at individual bank vis-a-vis industry levels. The empirical results demonstrate a mix trend among the banks in achieving technical, pure technical and scale efficiency. It is observed that with the common pledge to expanding market share and performance, both conventional and Islamic banks have been successful in improving their levels of efficiency. At individual bank level, Al-Rajhi is the only bank that has achieved the highest score in terms of technical, pure technical and scale efficiency, while in the conventional banking group, both Saudi Hollandi and National Commercial banks are found on the top position. Despite the growth of incomes and deposits of entire banking industry in Saudi Arabia, this study particularly recommends for the Islamic banks to redirect their short term and long-term marketing strategies and to focus on improving their management skills at the branch level

Bis[tris­(1,10-phenanthroline)nickel(II)] tris­[dicyanidoargentate(I)] nitrate 4.2-hydrate

The title compound, [Ni(C12H8N2)3]2[Ag(CN)2]3(NO3)·4.2H2O, crystallizes with two independent [Ni(phen)3]2+ cations (phen is 1,10-phenanthroline; both Ni atoms have threefold symmetry and N6 donor sets), three near-linear [Ag(CN)2]− anions, one nitrate anion (N site symmetry 3) and 4.2 water mol­ecules of crystallization, some of which are disordered. The [Ag(CN)2]− anions are situated within cavities created by the phenanthroline ligands of adjacent [Ni(phen)3]2+ cations. Some short C—H⋯O and C—H⋯N inter­actions may help to establish the packing